How to read cell phone schematics. Sony Ericsson service instructions and diagrams Cell phone circuit diagram

For those who live in rural areas, fast Internet is still just a dream, but there is only one step before making it a reality. To do this, you just need to assemble one of the considered 3G antenna designs and feel comfortable on the World Wide Web

Odin Multi Downloader - for flashing smartphones on the android platform; Sim Lock 3.10 to unlock many cell phone models; Sim Scan and Woron Scan for reading data from your sim cards and a bunch of other useful utilities

Phone diagram main nodes

1. CPU. Usually it is indicated on the drawings as CPU or RAPIDO, RAP is the main brain of your mobile phone.

2. Flash drive this is the most common memory card, denoted in the service instructions by the word flash. Also there are designations mem, memory. It is usually rectangular in shape and can vary greatly in both dimensions and volume.

3. Power controller. It can be marked on mobile phone diagrams as betty, retu, tahvo or UEM. Outwardly, they look like small square chips.

4. Also, among other things, in any mobile phone is transmitter and receiver RF chip & GSM FEM. When replacing transmitters, you should be very careful. Some may be similar in appearance, but differ in different last digits in the marking.

5. Some schemes mobile devices contain also thermistor and fuse. But these details are not found in all brands of mobile phones.

If your mobile phone has stopped turning on, you need to find the cause and attempt to eliminate it. All malfunctions of this type can be conditionally divided into software and hardware problems.

My good friend dragged an already rather outdated mobile phone and asked to change the keys. The model of the Samsung SVG-X680 device, having disassembled it in accordance with the diagram, I proceeded to repair and restored the buttons using ordinary super glue.

If your mobile assistant has stopped seeing the SIM card, then the problem is either in the SIM itself or in the phone. The first, the assumption is easy to exclude - by replacing the card with a working one, the second is much more extensive and in some cases it will require good amateur radio skills to solve it.

I think absolutely everyone wants a new mobile phone to serve us for a long time and have an excellent appearance. To protect against various scratches and cracks on the display of a mobile phone or smartphone, it is recommended to use a special protective film on the screen of a mobile phone.

Let's consider a detailed procedure and algorithm for disassembling a Nokia 6120 mobile phone in a fairly typical case of replacing a conversational speaker.

When operating a mobile phone, problems with its backlight may appear. It may simply not work, there are problems when the backlight turns on spontaneously, or goes out very quickly. Here I will post various cases from the practice of repair mobile phones with this error.

During the operation of any phone, such an unforeseen nuisance as water ingress into a mobile phone can always occur. Unfortunately, this can happen to each of us, no matter how careful a person is.

A malfunction in which the mobile phone turns off spontaneously can occur after a raw or unsuccessful firmware, a drop or spill of liquid, as well as a battery malfunction.

Simple mobile phone stand designs used to fix the position of an iPhone or similar smartphone in relation to a surface. This phone cradle can be used for frequent video calls via Skype or watching videos on the go.

It happens that Charger mobile phone stops working at the most inconvenient moment. Due to the fact that the properties of radio components deteriorate over time, the wires are frayed and the contacts are oxidized, this is what happened with one ancient mobile phone charging. Samsung phone E700.

It is believed that the weakest point of modern mobile phones is the connectors. They wear out on almost any model and quite quickly. With daily use of a smartphone, the contacts of the connector become unusable within 2-3 years. But there is no need to fall into despair, you can solve the problem by replacing the system connector.

The problem with the camera is a fairly common failure on a mobile phone or smartphone. It is not so easy to eliminate it on your own, but with certain amateur radio skills it is quite possible. As part of the article, we will analyze practical examples of solving the problem when the phone's camera does not work.

There are many reasons why the mobile phone button does not work. Perhaps due to inaccurate use, dirt has clogged under the button. Very often, the cause of button breakage is moisture ingress into the device or software failure in system

If your phone has stopped charging, then before proceeding with its disassembly and troubleshooting, you need to do a few simple manipulations. After which there is a chance that the mobile phone will come to life.

The reason for the loss of charge can be both hardware and software. So some applications put a very heavy load on the battery of a smartphone, so running Skype for Android, even in the background, can drain the battery in less than a day.

Loss of sound on the phone is the complete absence of sound signals or if extraneous noises and squeaks are constantly heard during a conversation, as well as when the voice of the interlocutor periodically changes and crackles are heard.

In modern phones We distinguish two types of screen failures: no image is displayed on the screen and the picture is visible, but very badly, that is, the display backlight is gone.

Most modern mobile devices such as smartphones, mobile phones, tablet computers, e-readers have a touch screen. Such a touch screen, or just a touchscreen, is nothing more than a typical input-output device that responds to touches and is able to track the coordinates of the touch point.

When the vibrating alert on the phone stops working, it causes a lot of inconvenience. The vibrating alert is a very convenient function of the phone, which is not so easy to refuse in the event of such a malfunction. It is about solving the problem of vibrating in a mobile phone that we will talk about in this article.

In some moments of life, you need to find out about the presence of an active mobile phone nearby, for example, during exams. Or notify a hard of hearing person about the arrival of SMS. For these cases, we need a mobile phone ringer indicator. Such a detector can be easily assembled with your own hands based on a simple circuit, even with initial amateur radio skills.

A huge selection of repair documentation for mobile phones and smartphones, includes diagrams Sony Ericsson, service instructions with detailed disassembly algorithms.

A selection of schemes and service manuals for mobile phones Sony Ericsson C72, C702, C901, C902, C903, C905 F305 G502, G700, G705, G900
Sony Ericsson J100, J120, J200, J210, J220, J230, J300

Scheme and algorithm for disassembling a mobile phone Sony Ericsson K200, K220, K300, K310, K330, K500, K508, K510, K530, K550, K550i, K565, K600, K610, K630, K660, K700, K750, K750i, K770, K790, K800, K810, K810i, K850, K850i

Sony Ericsson M600 P1i, P910, P990 R300, R306, S302, S500, S700

service manual, Sony Ericsson T100 disassembly, T190, T230, T280, T290, T303, T610, T630, T650, T707
Schemes for SE mobiles U1 Satio, U5 Vivaz, U10 Aino
V640,V640i, V800, V801

Sony Ericsson W220 W300 W302 W350 W380 W550 W580 W595 W600 W660 W705 W710 W715 W760i W810 W830 W850 W880 W880i W890 W900 W902 W910 W950 W960 W995

Instructions for disassembling and assembling a Sony Ericsson phone Z300, Z310, Z320, Z520, Z530, Z550, Z555, Z610, Z770, Z780, Z800

Service manuals Sony Xperia

Service manuals for disassembly and repair on smartphones Sony Xperia series: Xperia Acro S, Arc LT15, ​​Sony Ion, J, U, Xperia mini Pro MK16i, SK17, Miro
Xperia Neo MT15, P, Xperia Play R800a, R800at, R800i, R800x, Xperia Ray ST18, Xperia S LT26i
Sony Xperia Tipo Dual- correct disassembly and assembly
Sony Xperia TX excellent video manual shows the whole process of disassembling a smartphone, from and to with explanations of the algorithm in Russian
Sony Xperia U- Disassembly and recommendations for repair
Sony Xperia V is another good video tutorial with a phone disassembly and assembly algorithm for easy repairs
Sony Xperia X1, X8, X10, Sony Xperia ZL - smartphone disassembly

A huge selection of great solutions for your phone includes: Sony Ericsson Hardware Tool, archives and programs with Solutions, solving problems for repairing joysticks, microphones, keyboards, setting jumpers, to solve the problem if the phone does not see Sim, if there is no LCD backlight, W203 does not charge, W880 does not charge, W710 Z710 does not see SIM cards, If SE J120 won't charge what to do, K310i won't charge, K550i white display is solid and if the headset is on all the time, Microphone replacement for Sony Ericsson W910i, Z300 keyboard doesn't work, W302-s302 display after water, K850 backlight and everything related to the sensor, K220i W595 keyboard +Joy2 K500 Mic K500 Mic Solution K500 No Charging K500 No Ring K500 Sim Way K600 Key +Joy K700 Charging K700 Hang K700 Joystick K700 Key +Joy K700 LCD Contrast K700 Mic K700 Not ON K750 Charging K7 50 Flash Problem K750 Joystick K750 LCD Repair K750 LED Keypad K750 Mic K750 MMC K750 Simcard K800 Keypad S700 Charging T68 Joystick T230 Charging T230 Keypad T230 Mic T230 On Only With Cas T230 Only Battrey Bar T230 Simcard T310 BSI Track T310 Keypad T610 Auto Restart T610 Chage OK Not ON T610 Charging Prob T610 Joystick T610 Mic T610 On Only With Cas T610 Ringer Problem W550 LCD Z200 No Backlight Z200 No LCD Z300 Simcard Z800 No Charging and many other irreplaceable solutions

Actual firmware for Sony Erricson Aino R1DA010 ver.53, SEC510 R1HA035 ver.53 mobile phone
С510 R1DA032 ver.52 С702 R3EK002 ver.52 С901 R1GA028 ver.53 С902 R3EJ001 ver.52 С903 R1GA028 ver.53 С905 R1FA035 ver.53 С905 R1BA042 ver.52
Sony Erricson Elm R7BA076 ver.80
G502 R1FA031 ver.52 G705 R1FA035 ver.53
Hazel R7CA064 ver.81 J105 naite R1HA035 ver.53
J300i R2AT003 ver.36 K300i R2BA010 ver.36
K310i R4EA031 Ver.49, 50 K320i R4gc012 Ver.50 K500i R2at003 Ver.29 K510i R4ea031 Ver.49, 50 K530i R8BB001 Ver.52, 53 K550i R8ba024 K600i R2BB001 VER.49 K608i R2T00. Ver.52, 53 K630i R1FA032 Ver.52 K660i R1FA037 Ver.52 K700i R2CA001 Ver.36 K750i R1DB001 Ver.36, 49 K770I R8BC004 Ver.52, 53 K790i R8BF003 Ver.52, 53 K800i R8BF003 Ver.52, 53 K800i R8BF003 Ver.52, 53 K800i R8BF003 Ver.52, 53 k800i R8BF003 Ver.5.5 ver.52, 53 K850i R1FA035 ver.52
S500i R8BE001 ver.52, 53 S700 R3M008 ver.29
T650i R8BC004 ver.52, 53 T700 R3EG004 ver.52 T707 R1FA035 ver.53 T715 R1GA026 ver.53
W200i R4JA011 Ver.52, 53 W300I R9A036 Ver.49 W350I R11CA002 Ver.53 W380I R11CA002 Ver.53 W508 R1FA035 Ver.53 w5550i R4CB020 VIR.49 VR0I R8BE001 VRA.52, 53 W595 R3EG00.52, 53 W595 R3EG00.52, 53 W595 R3EG00.52, 53 W595 R3EG00.52, 53 W595 R3EG00.52. 53 W660i R8BB001 Ver.53 W700i R1DB001 Ver.49 W705I R1GA031 Ver.53 W710I R1JC002 Ver.53 W715I R1GA030 Ver.53 W800i R1L002 Ver.36, 49 W810I R4EA031 .52, ver.53 W850i R1KG001 ver.52, ver.53 W880i R8BA024 ver.53, ver.52 W890i R1FA035 ver.52 W900i R5BC004 ver.49 W902 R3EG004 ver.52 W910i R1FA037 ver.52 W965 R1HA03 R3EG004 ver.52 W995 R1HA036 ver.53
Yari R1BA049 ver.53
Z310 R8BA024 ver.52, ver.53 Z500 R3A008 ver.29 Z520i R3J017 ver.36 Z530i R6DA002 ver.49 Z550i R6CA009 ver.49 Z555i R10CA00 ver.53 Z610i R6DA001 ver.52, ver.51, RJC.53 Z710i .53 Z750 R1FA030 ver.52 Z770i 1EA030 ver.52 Z780 R3DA028 ver.52 Z800 R1AB014 ver.36
Vivaz u5i

01 - Run the program "Ultimate Unlocker"
02 - Select the desired phone model
03 - Select "Direct Unlock + Sec.zone rebuild"
04 - check the box next to "Repair EROM / SEMC Boot"
05 - Uncheck the box next to "Show Codes"
06 - Click on the dropdown menu under "Set sertificate to:"
07 - Select the line "Brown, CID51" for phones "DB2012"
08 - Select the line "Brown, CID49" for phones "DB2020"
09 - Press and hold buttons "2" and "5" at the same time
10 - Connect the cable to the phone
11 - Release the buttons
12 - We converted the phone to "Brown" using the program "Ultimate Unlocker"
13 - Close the program "Ultimate Unlocker"
14 - Next, we work with the "Setool" program, but already without TP
15 - Run the Setool program
16 - Go to the tab "Empty Fill & Repair"
17 - Click on the "Add" button
18 - Add XXXX_GDFS_in_ssw_format.ssw (XXXX is your phone model)
19 - Press the "Flash" button
20 - We are waiting for the end of the firmware file to the phone!
21 - Stay on the same tab "Empty Fill & Repair"
22 - Press the "Add" button
23 - add the file "DB2020EROM_CNV_RED52_BROWN_CID49_DB2020.ssw" to the window
24 - the file is in the "Eroms" folder
25 - Click on the "Flash" button
26 - Disconnect the cable from the phone
27 - Turn on the phone - If the phone is in order, then it will turn on
28 - It is recommended to flash the phone again in the usual way!
29 - Congratulations! Now you have a live, working phone!

Smartphone Sony Ericsson Xperia Arc S LT18 was accidentally found while relaxing at sea. We put on back cover bottom, then unscrew the six screws. I snap off the case near the headphone jack. Prying off the plug of the HDMI connector, I snap off the case in this place as well.

We fold back the back panel and see a sad picture - sea water got inside through the battery connector and the SIM card connector. The chemical salt reaction was not long in coming and the electrolysis process was in full swing. It's amazing how quickly rust spots form on metal. In some places, such as under an insulating sticker, water could not flow due to the presence of a surface tension layer. There is relatively little rust under the metal screen. In some places on the motherboard there are microcircuits filled with a compound along with their strapping - this can be used for anyone - water did not get here.

Diagnosis: the display and the board are dead, the speakers are half-alive, the camera seems to be normal, the mobile phone case is in relatively good condition. Some mikruhi from the system can be used as a donor for repairs.

In accordance with the algorithm in the service manual, carefully disassemble the mobile phone and remove it from it motherboard on which the joystick is soldered. Due to the fact that overheat-sensitive radio elements are located next to the broken element, it is not recommended to dismantle the joystick with a soldering iron, but it is better to use a special hair dryer for this. We set the temperature on it to 250 degrees, but not more and warm up the joystick contacts, as soon as the solder begins to melt with tweezers, we take out the old joystick, and then after cleaning the contact pads, for example with a copper braid, we solder a new one.

The block diagram of a cellular radiotelephone operating in the GSM digital standard (Fig. 5.3) consists of analog and digital parts, which are usually located on separate boards. The analog part includes receiving and transmitting devices, which, in their characteristics and construction, resemble those described above.

In GSM systems, the transmitter and receiver of a cell phone do not operate simultaneously. Transmission occurs only for 1/8 of the frame duration. This significantly reduces battery consumption and increases the operating time in both transmit (talk) and receive (standby) modes. In addition, the requirements for the SAW receiver RF filter are significantly reduced, which makes it possible to integrate the LNA with the mixer. The transmit-receive interface unit is an electronic switch that connects the antenna either to the output of the transmitter or to the input of the receiver, since a cell phone never receives and transmits at the same time.

Rice. 5.3. Functional diagram of a GSM digital radiotelephone

The received signal after passing through the input band-pass filter is amplified by the LNA and fed to the first input of the first mixer. The second input receives a local oscillator signal f prm from the frequency synthesizer. First intermediate frequency signal f pr, passes through a SAW bandpass filter and is amplified by the amplifier of the first intermediate frequency UPCH1, after which it enters the first input of the second mixer. Its second input receives a local oscillator signal f g with a frequency generator. Received signal of the second intermediate frequency f pr2 is filtered by a SAW bandpass filter, amplified by the UPCH2 amplifier, demodulated and fed to an analog-to-digital converter (ADC), where it is converted into a signal necessary for the operation of a digital logic block made on the CPU.

In the transmission mode, the information digital signal generated in the logic block is fed to the 1/O generator, where the modulating signal is formed. The latter enters the phase modulator, from which the signal f fm enters the mixer. The second input of the mixer receives a signal f prd from a frequency synthesizer. Received signal f c1 through a band-pass filter enters the power amplifier (PA), controlled by the CPU. Signal amplified to the required level f c1 through a band-pass ceramic filter enters antenna A and is radiated into the surrounding space.

The digital logic part of a cell phone (Fig. 5.4) provides the formation and processing of all necessary signals. The core of this important part of the digital phone is CPU CPU. It is made in the form of VLSI based on micropower field-effect transistors with a metal-dielectric-semiconductor (MIS or MOS) structure.

The digital part of the phone includes:

Digital Signal Processor (CPU) with its operational and permanent memory, which controls the operation of a cell phone. Phone CPUs are somewhat simpler than computer microprocessors, but nevertheless they are the most complex microelectronic products.

Analog-to-digital converter (ADC), which converts the analog signal from the microphone output to digital form. In this case, all subsequent processing and transmission of the speech signal is carried out in digital form, up to the reverse digital-to-analog conversion.

speech encoder, which encodes a speech signal, which is already digital, according to certain laws using a compression algorithm to reduce signal redundancy. Thus, the volume of information that must be transmitted over the radio communication channel is reduced.

channel encoder, adding additional (redundant) information to the digital signal received from the output of the speech encoder, designed to protect against errors during signal transmission over the communication line. For the same purpose, information is subjected to a certain repackaging. (interleaving). In addition, the channel encoder adds control information from the logic part to the transmitted signal.

channel decoder, extracting control information from the input data stream and directing it to the logical block. The received information is checked for errors, which are corrected if possible. For subsequent processing, the received information is repackaged inversely with respect to the encoder.

Rice. 5.4. Digital and logic part of a mobile cell phone

speech decoder, restoring the digital speech signal coming to it from the channel decoder, translating it into a natural form, with its inherent redundancy, but still in digital form. Note that for a combination of an encoder and a decoder located in the same package of an integrated circuit, the name is sometimes used codec(eg speech codec, channel codec).

Digital-to-analog converter (DAC), converting the received speech signal into analog form and feeding this signal to the speaker amplifier input.

Equalizer, serving to partially compensate for signal distortion due to multipath propagation. The equalizer is an adaptive filter adjusted according to the training sequence of symbols included in the transmitted information. This block, generally speaking, is not functionally necessary and may be absent in some cases.

Keyboard, which is a dialing field with numeric and function keys for dialing the number of the called subscriber, as well as commands that determine the mode of operation of the cell phone.

Display, serving to display various information provided by the device and the operating mode of the station.

Block for encrypting and decrypting messages, designed to ensure the confidentiality of information transfer.

Speech activity detector(voice activity detector), which turns on the transmitter for radiation only for those time intervals when the subscriber speaks. For the duration of the pause in the operation of the transmitter, the so-called comfort noise is additionally introduced into the path. This is done in the interests of saving power from the power supply, as well as reducing the level of interference to other stations.

terminal devices, used to connect through special adapters using the appropriate interfaces, fax machines, modems, etc.

SIM card(SIM - subscriber identification module, literally - subscriber identification module) - a plastic plate with a microcircuit inserted into a special socket of the subscriber unit. The SIM card stores:

Data assigned to each subscriber: international mobile subscriber identity (IMSI), subscriber authentication key (Ki) and access control class;

Temporary Network Data: Temporary Mobile Subscriber Identity (TMSI), Location Area Identifier (LAI), Encryption Key (Ke), Denied Mobile Network Data;

Service-related data: preferred language of communication, billing notices, and list of claimed services.

One of the main tasks of a SIM card is to provide protection against unauthorized use of a cell phone. At the level of the subscriber interface, a personal identification number (PIN number) of 4 to 8 digits is recorded on the SIM card, which the SIM card microprocessor, after turning on the station, compares with the number dialed by the user using the keyboard. If an incorrect PIN number is dialed three times in a row, the use of the SIM card is blocked until the subscriber enters an 8-digit Personal Unblocking Key (PUK).

If an erroneous PUK is entered 10 times in a row, the use of the SIM card is completely blocked and the subscriber will be forced to contact the network operator.

In addition, thanks to SIM-cards, it is possible to make calls not only from your cell phone, but also from any other GSM phone, just insert the SIM-card into the device and dial a personal identification PIN-number.

5.3 Cellular Services. Communication privacy. Fraud in cellular communication. biological safety.

In second generation systems, the user can be provided with basic and additional communication services. Basic communication services: telephone communications, emergency calls, short message transmission, facsimile communication. The emergency call service allows a subscriber station to establish a voice connection with the nearest emergency service center. To additional services connections include:

number recognition services;
call forwarding and redirection;
· termination services (call on hold, call with waiting, etc.);
conference call;
services for accounting for the cost of negotiations;
group connection services;
call restriction services, etc.

In the context of competition for the subscriber, operators of large networks are trying to introduce new services. Recently, services such as prepaid subscriber connection, WAP service - Internet access directly from a mobile terminal, GPS global positioning system, video communication, etc. have been introduced. But such opportunities appeared with the advent of communicators (smartphones).

Communication Privacy provided with protection against unauthorized access to communication channels. Various encryption methods are used for this. For example, in the GSM standard, encryption is carried out by noise-correcting coding and interleaving and consists in bitwise addition modulo 2 of the information bit sequence and the pseudo-random bit sequence that forms the basis of the cipher. Repeated application of the modulo 2 addition operation with the same pseudo-random sequence to the encrypted information sequence restores the original information bit sequence, that is, it implements the decryption of the encrypted message (Fig.).

There is also the possibility of protection against eavesdropping - this is scrambling (scrambling - mixing, shuffling), which is a kind of encryption by rearranging sections of the spectrum or speech segments, carried out in an external software

Fig.5.5. The principle of encryption and decryption of information in the GSM standard.

towards a mobile phone device with appropriate descrambling at the receiving end.

Fraud(from English. fraud- deceit, fraud) is one of the serious problems of cellular communications. Fraud can be defined as an illegal activity aimed at the use of cellular communication services without proper payment or at the expense of payment for these services by people who do not use such services.

From time to time, the world and our press are shocked by reports of cell phone scams. The most unpleasant thing is when a cell phone registered for someone falls into the hands of scammers who are able to deceive cellular providers and carry out large-scale negotiations uncontrollably. Sometimes primitive methods are used for this (for example, malicious non-payments), and sometimes very subtle methods based on excellent knowledge of documentation on cellular networks. Practiced alteration of cell phone numbers and all sorts of "chemistry" with ciphers and passwords.

Losses from fraud, even after many years of fighting against it, reach several percent of the total volume of cellular services. For example, in 1996 in the United States they amounted to just over $1 billion, with a total income from cellular communications of $21 billion. Most operators try not to publish data on such losses, and they become known to the public years after major "punctures" .

If you have a suspicion that someone is using (explicitly or implicitly) your device, you must immediately notify your mobile service provider. For example, such a suspicion may be based on a noticeable increase in the volume of payment for cellular services compared to the level you are used to. If you do not control what happened, then you can suddenly receive a bill for hundreds, if not thousands of dollars. And you will be embroiled in a long legal battle with an unclear outcome.

In addition to fraud, the sale of “gray” phones causes enormous damage to cellular communications. These can be defective devices purchased cheaply, which are then handicraft brought to working condition - often far from all functionality. Such devices cause a lot of trouble not only to their owners, who are looking for cheapness, but also to mobile operators. For, performing poorly (or not performing at all) many functions, they cause a flurry of calls to service departments.

Eavesdropping on cell phones is also far from a harmless thing. Analog networks are especially vulnerable to this. But in digital networks, even with the appropriate equipment for encoding and decoding conversations, eavesdropping on them is also quite possible. This is something to keep in mind when talking.

The methods of illegal use of cell phones are varied, although there is an opinion that it is necessary to know about it. Just to what extent? For example, it is clear to anyone that a cell phone can be used as a very simple radio detonator. However, a description of even a simple scheme for such an application can hardly be welcomed. The relevant authorities can instantly recognize this as a benefit for terrorists. Therefore, having warned the user about the gaps in the legal use of cell phones, we will end the description of these subtle points in the use of mobile phones.

biological safety.

From time to time there is sensational news about the development of cancerous tumors from cell phone use. Somewhere in the US, there were even lawsuits about this. There are also reports of explosions in car parks while refueling cars, about planes that have gone astray, about reactors of nuclear power plants that have stopped due to cell phones, and so on. In the overwhelming majority of cases, such "news" is not documented.

In fact, cellular frequencies refer to the type of electromagnetic radiation that is easily absorbed by the tissues of our hands, head and brain. Studies have shown that up to 60% of the radiation energy of a cell phone is absorbed by the tissues of the human head. True, only part of the energy of microwave radiation enters deep into the head. Most of it is absorbed by the skin and bones of the skull.

Meanwhile, there are no official data on any effect of cell phone radiation on the human body. And not because the relevant studies have not been conducted. But because the norms for radiation power are much less than those norms that were established for people by the relevant authorities.

The degree of absorption of electromagnetic radiation energy by the human body is the SAR value (Specific Absorption Rates). It is expressed in the energy of absorbed radiation per unit mass (g or kg) of biological tissue. At the same time, in 20 minutes of exposure, the tissue heats up by 1 °C.

It is not difficult to understand that such a purely "thermodynamic" approach is by no means conducive to reassuring people. For one does not need to have extensive medical knowledge to believe that the effect of radiation is by no means limited to heating the tissues of the body. It must be taken into account that at the genetic level, much less powerful radiation can cause a violation of the cellular structure of the body or damage to genes. Therefore, in Europe, for example, the SAR standard is set at 2 mW/g.

By the way, there is a simple way to drastically reduce the degree of influence of radio emission from mobile phones on the human body, and above all on his head. This is the use of a special headset hands free (free hands). This headset is a head-mounted earphone and microphone, as well as a radiotelephone control panel. The phone itself can be installed remotely. It is also possible to connect an external antenna to it, which can be installed outside the window or even on the roof of the car.

By the way, of all the dangers associated with cell phones, in the first place is the user's distraction from their main work. For example, car accidents associated with the fact that the driver picks up the phone while driving, and especially when he dials a number, are very frequent. In many countries, including Russia, this is prohibited and punishable by fines. A hands free headset and voice control of the phone are the main remedies against this factor.

test questions

1. What are the typical blocks of a subscriber mobile station?

2. Tell us the device and the main purpose of the analog mobile phone nodes?

3. Tell us the device and the main purpose of digital mobile phone nodes?

4. Define "fraud" and why is it dangerous?

5. List the main measures aimed at reducing the impact of cellular radiation on the human body?

6. What are the main symptoms of the disease caused by radio emission?

7. List the main services provided cellular communication?

8. How is the confidentiality of communication in mobile networks ensured?

Today I want to talk about how to read mobile phone diagrams correctly. I will try to tell the most elementary that the master should know. So. Where to begin? The first thing to know. This is what the microcircuits are called and how they are indicated on the diagrams.

1. Processor. The processor is usually signed on the CPU scheme or RAP, RAPIDO. They are most often square and most often the largest. If this is Nokia, then in most cases there is a “skirt” along the rim of the processor. In new Nokia models, you can often find a processor standing on a flash drive. They are called a “sandwich”, this is the worst thing that can be after a compound) what is a compound like something later.
2. Flash drive. A flash drive on the diagrams is written as flash and somewhere I met mem, memory. It is most often rectangular in shape. And remember, in nokia phones, the processor and flash drive change only in pairs. And they are suitable only from an identical model. This I mean that, for example, nokia 6233 and 6300 phones have the same processors. But this is only in appearance! They won't work!

3. Power controller. It is signed on the diagrams with different “names” it can be written retu, tahvo, betty, UEM, all this is a power controller. Most of these are such small square microcircuits.
4. Also in any mobile phone there is a RF chip and GSM FEM receiver and transmitter. When replacing transmitters, you need to be more careful. Some of them look the same, but the last digits in the marking are different. But they don't work on other phones. Others may be similar and fundamentally different numbers, but they will work. In the course of work you will be able for yourself. Build a model compatibility diagram with your experience.
Those were the most important ones in my opinion. If you have any questions about microcircuits and their designation. And in general, any questions regarding the repair of a mobile phone. Ask in the comments or write on Skype. The number of which can be found in my contacts

I will also add a picture with the location of these details using the nokia 6233 phone as an example.

Remembered! There are 2 more important details in phones. Not all are true. Briefly speaking. It's a thermistor and a fuse. The fuse is most often for charging. But in some phones it can also be found on camera. Burns out very often. And then you have to put a jumper. And a thermistor. What is a thermistor? This is such an insidious muck)) The thermistor is in the phone's charge circuit and is responsible for overheating. Very often this thermistor bursts after impact or rots after water. Then the phone, when connected to the charger, starts to write “incorrect battery” or “charger is not allowed” or something else there. I don't remember everything. In this case it is a thermistor. How can they be found on the diagram? Yes, very easy! The fuse is right behind the connector and is called FUSE, and the thermistor is BTemp. You also need to remember. that the thermistor cannot be replaced by anything. Just another thermistor. Jumpers-snot) in this case do not roll. That's all for today. Tired of writing