Essay prohibiting the use of computers in school. Computer games: pros and cons
The computer is not a toy for children.
And the textbook and simulator - something like this you can continue the phrase written in the title. In fact, you, dear mothers and fathers, are not going to fence off your child with a Chinese wall from the achievements of modern civilization, to which the computer also belongs. Only this achievement should be used exclusively for pedagogical purposes, that is, wisely and under strict parental control. Otherwise, the computer will harm the child.
By the way, we are talking about computer games.. The child learns the world around him in the game. Therefore, there is nothing surprising and terrible in the fact that he is drawn to play on the computer. The task of parents is to use this craving for the benefit of the intellectual development of their child and not at the same time cause irreparable harm to his health and psyche. So let's weigh all the pros and cons.
The arguments against computer games are simple. Firstly, they take away precious time, which is better spent with a book in hand or in the fresh air. Secondly, different shooters and scarecrows develop aggressiveness. A teenager who is carried away by them often shows unmotivated cruelty, ceases to distinguish between good and evil, well, let alone psychological dependence on a computer, when they spend day and night on it - a day away - written and rewritten, and the number of such addicts does not decrease. Thirdly, sitting at a computer adds work to ophthalmologists. And not only to them - pediatricians, psychiatrists and neuropathologists repeat about the dangers of computer vigils.
Arguments for. Harm is obtained if the measure is not observed. If you work at the computer according to the rules, the benefits will be enormous. Computer "toys" develop logic, resourcefulness, non-standard thinking. Thanks to the computer, the child discovers new qualities in himself, learns to think creatively. The computer is now increasingly used to prepare the child for school. It develops the ability to analyze, attention, visual memory, with its help you can teach a child to read and write, draw, count, etc.
Computer games and programs are designed in such a way that the child is involuntarily forced to adjust his actions depending on the situation.. Thanks to computer games, the child gets a generalized idea of similar situations or objects. Thus, he learns to generalize and classify, begins to think without relying on external objects. And this is the ability to read “to yourself” and count in your mind. The achievements of children in computer games are immediately evaluated by their peers, which increases self-esteem and adds confidence.
And finally, by practicing with the keyboard and mouse, the child develops fine motor skills. and coordinates the activities of the eyes and hands. At the same time perseverance develops. On the computer, the kid is engaged with pleasure, because no child will perceive computer games as an activity.
But, as we have already said, it is important not to overdo it here.. Listen to the advice of doctors, and you will immediately understand how to play on the computer. A 5-6-year-old kid can spend no more than 10-15 minutes at the computer. After that, you need to rest. If a child has vision problems, he should only work on a computer with glasses. Make sure you have good lighting in your work area. The light should not fall on the screen and shine directly into the eyes. The distance from children's eyes to the monitor should be at least 50-70 cm.
Hands should be at elbow level, and wrists should be at the edge of the table(on the base plate). Do not forget about walking, playing sports. Never allow your child to eat or drink at the computer. After class, wash your child with cool water or wipe his face with a damp cloth.
What to play. Games should be chosen with children's perception in mind. The easiest thing for children to perceive is a large color still image with sound. With the smallest, you can safely view photographs and pictures on a computer, accompanied by narration. When drawing on a computer, a child strains his eyesight very much. And that means he's stressing himself. The same can be said about reading text from the screen. Harmful: high-speed moving image and fine details.
Well, in order not to get into a mess, choose the right game and not hit the face in front of the children in the dirt, it would not be bad for parents to understand what computer games are and what the name of their genre means. Adventure (adventure) are usually made out as a cartoon, sitting at the computer can control the action. Arising problems are solved with the help of finds - items that the character finds, overcoming different levels of the game. Here, a balance is important between the complexity of the tasks that arise and the capabilities of the child. If the tasks are too simple, the game will end too quickly, the child will not get satisfaction from overcoming obstacles. If, on the contrary, everything is too difficult, the kid will lose interest in the game.
The strategy involves management. Troops, factories, minerals - it is not so important, it is important that at the same time something needs to be planned and monitored for the current situation. The goal is to score points or win something. These fairly complex games develop perseverance, train thinking for the future.
Arcade games split into levels, the reward and the goal is to advance to the next episode or mission. Here the player scores points and bonuses (for example, lives) for finding secret doors, passing speed, etc. In such games, the eye, attention, reaction speed are trained. But they can be recommended to preschoolers only if parents keep track of the time. Role-playing games involve many characters, each of which has its own role. Together, the heroes must find a treasure, treasure or learn a spell. And on the way to the goal, you need to overcome pests and overcome a lot of obstacles. The child must learn how to use the characters correctly.
3D-Action is zatyukannye and overplayed by all yell-shooter-killer. Special effects, three-dimensional graphics create the effect of presence, which, in principle, is dangerous for a fragile child's psyche. The child will not learn anything new from them, unless he develops the motor skills of his hands. But, honestly, you can develop motor skills using less costly methods for the psyche and health. In general, there is little benefit from them, but the harm is obvious. Including from the point of view of morality.
Logic games are puzzles. The main thing is that they are accessible to the child. Here you will find puzzles for rearranging figures, drawing up a drawing, and solving some simple puzzles like “find the extra”. With their help, they teach children counting, reading, writing and other wisdom. And at the same time they train logical thinking, memory, motor skills and other qualities necessary in this life.
Simulators usually explain what is it that they simulate or imitate. These can be simulators of sailing or modern ships, cars, spaceships, airplanes, helicopters, whatever you want. The desire of the child to sit behind the wheel and control the complex mechanism, manufacturing companies have learned to take into account "excellently". What is good, the responses are almost the same as in reality. Even the smallest details are respected. And the child gradually begins to understand: he sharply turned the steering wheel - the car spun in place, if you want to turn to the right, then turn the steering wheel there too, but do not forget to return it to its previous position in time. Reaction speed is what such games bring up. Not bad, right?
Conclusions? Simple. The genre of the game must be chosen in accordance with the temperament and capabilities of the child. Some people like calm games, others - dynamic ones. Focus on research content, developing component. During the game, the kid should take the initiative, try to solve problems that arise, analyze the situation, and draw conclusions. Keep a close eye on the time. Rules first! And keep in mind: the more active and intense the rhythm of the game, the less time it should last. But you can not interrupt the game before the child completes the episode. The proverb “finished business - walk boldly” has not yet been canceled. In addition, the child must get up from the computer with the consciousness of a successfully completed task.
Unobtrusively, but persistently bring to the attention and consciousness of the baby: the computer is good, but not to the detriment of other activities: sleep, food, walking, sports, reading books, etc. The more firmly this is learned, the calmer you will be when the child grows up and adults can no longer control him inside and out. And - most importantly: the computer and communication with its help play only an auxiliary role. The real world is much more complex than virtual reality. Therefore, do not forget to introduce the baby to the real world, let the baby actively communicate with peers, and the computer will be just one of his hobbies.
Opportunities
A child can learn to read and count, gain skills in learning foreign languages by watching educational cartoons and programs. If there are real abilities for drawing, music or anything else, then it is much easier to find a use for them in the computer world.
Computer games
They help in the development of memory and attention, logical thinking, teach the child to analyze their actions, develop imagination and creativity. Computer games are of great importance not only for the development of intelligence, but also for the development of their motor skills.
Workplace organization
The order on the table is facilitated by its correct filling with the necessary attributes. There should not be any trinkets and unnecessary used pieces of paper in the form of "origami" on the table. And finally, the most important enemy is dust. It should not be on the table or on the monitor screen.
But there are many arguments against
Eye strain
The fear that a child will spoil his eyesight is perhaps the most important fear of all parents. No wonder ophthalmologists sounded the alarm in connection with global computerization and even came up with a special term - "computer visual syndrome", which occurs in almost all users, both young and adults.
Bad posture
Working at the computer forces the child to look at the screen for a long time and at the same time keep his hands on the keyboard or work with the mouse. As a result, you have to sit still for a long time, and this is fraught with pain in the muscles of the neck, back, joints of the hands, headaches, and impaired posture.
Mental load
The computer can cause long-term disorders in the field of mental development of children. For many, some types of memory work worse, emotional immaturity, irresponsibility are observed. There are also great difficulties in communication, self-doubt appears. At the same time, children cultivate in themselves imbalance, absent-mindedness, slovenliness, and a disregard for their loved ones.
Computer addiction (gambling)
The problem with which they are trying to fight all over the world. Children and adults play computer games, visit Internet cafes, game clubs. The production of games for computers is a powerful industry, and, unfortunately, children inevitably fall into its networks. Gambling addiction is a psychological dependence of a person on computer games, which affects his physical and mental health.
Symptoms that indicate computer addiction
1. Most of the free time (6-10 hours a day) the child spends at the computer. He has practically no real friends, but a lot of virtual ones.
2. The student reacts aggressively to the parental prohibition to sit at the computer or becomes anxious.
3. The child cheats, skips school to sit at the computer, began to study worse, lost interest in school subjects.
4. During the game, the teenager starts talking to himself or to the characters in the game as if they were real. He becomes more aggressive.
5. A child who is addicted to playing or communicating on the Internet forgets about food and personal hygiene.
6. The student has difficulty getting up in the morning, waking up in a depressed state. The mood rises only when the child sits down at the computer
What to do - to protect the child from the modern miracle of technology or not? The question, of course, is complex, but quite solvable. A computer, like any household item, can be both useful and harmful to a child. You just need to know the measure in everything, as well as follow simple but effective recommendations.
And most importantly: the computer in the life of a child should not play a dominant role in comparison with other activities and, moreover, damage health.
Class hour: "Computer in the life of a student: pros and cons"
Goals:
1. Introduce the history of computers.
2. Discuss with the children the benefits of using computers in people's lives and the harm to health.
3. Introduce techniques that restore the body after working with a computer.
4. Development of thinking, memory, attention.
Equipment:
1. Computer.
2. Presentation.
3. Memos for children "Protect your eyesight", "Gymnastics for the eyes", prepared using a computer.
The structure of the health lesson:
1. Organizational moment.
2. The history of the origin of the computer.
3. "Discussion swing".
6. Workplace equipment.
7. Acquaintance with the "golden rules" of working with a computer.
8. Conclusions.
Used Books:
1. Zhuikov E. A., Leonova L. N. "Schoolchild at the computer" Moscow 2007;
2. ;
3. ;
5. .
DURING THE CLASSES
1. Organizational moment.
Teacher: The computer has firmly entered the life of modern people. But many scientists "trumpet" about its harm to health. Today, at the health lesson, we must decide for ourselves: is the computer our friend or foe?
2. "The history of the origin of the computer."
During the story, the teacher shows the slides.
Slide 2: From the moment of appearance on Earth, man has still been forced to constantly count. The inhabitant of the Stone Age managed with the simplest calculations. How to split a dead mammoth? How many roots to stock up for the winter? Did the primitive man have a personal computer? Yes, each of us always has it at hand! These are ten fingers. And when they are not enough, then the toes. Counting on fingers is simple and convenient. Only the results of calculations are difficult to store. And then there were lines on the walls of the caves, notches on the shafts of spears, knots on the ropes, pebbles, bones.
Slide 3: The first counting device of antiquity was the abacus, translated as "dust" or "fine sand".
On a special board, pebbles were laid out in a certain order and, so that they would not roll, they sprinkled the board with sand. The famous ancient Greek mathematician Pythagoras considered counting on the abacus obligatory for mathematicians.
Slide 4: Gradually, "computers" improved.
The bones for counting were strung on threads. The resulting "beads" were pulled onto a frame. Got the bills. Only on modern accounts, which are sometimes used now, are metal knitting needles.
Slide 5: In the 17th century, the remarkable French scientist Pascal invented the first calculating machine, which was called an adding machine. She performed any arithmetic operations. One of the copies of this machine was presented to the Russian Tsar Peter the Great by the great mathematician Leibniz. Multiplication in it was carried out by repeated addition, division by repeated subtraction. It was a great invention for its time. The main drawback of the adding machine - moving the wheels, setting numbers, memorizing intermediate results - all this had to be done by a person.
Slide 6: In the 20th century, the mechanical adding machine could no longer keep up. Where is the exit? Electrical energy is what helped create completely new computing machines. So it's time for the computer. The word "computer" comes from a Latin word meaning "to count, calculate". They counted 1000 times faster than mechanical calculating machines.
Slide 7: But how huge computers were! The rooms in which they were housed looked like gigantic halls filled with white cabinets. Several tens of thousands of vacuum tubes processed a huge number of digits. But the lamps were replaced by transistors, and computers became the size of a room. And today's personal computers with microcircuits are easy to place on a desk and even in a trouser pocket. The first personal computers appeared in 1976 in the USA.
Teacher: Undoubtedly, the computer has greatly facilitated people's lives. Here and now during
the story of the guys we used the computer. It was very comfortable and spectacular. But
listen to the guys who just got sick thanks to the computer.
3. "Discussion swing".
The class is divided into two teams. Team captains are given cards with the words: "for" or "against".
Team members stand against each other, throw a large inflatable ball, depicting a "swing" and call the words "for" and "against". Two trained students are entered into a table on a computer, and the results are shown on the screen.
Arguments "For" using a computer:
Material in preparation for lessons
Helpful information
Tutorials
Composition of music, poetry
Mail, Internet communication
Library at home
medical examination
Games
Shopping, information on the Internet
Chess games
Drawing, etc.
"Against"
Visual impairment
Postural curvature
Avoidance of live communication
Not familiar with the real library
Harmful radiation
Lots of aggressive games
Misinformation
Errors in calculations
Machine failure, etc.
Teacher: What conclusions can be drawn from this table?
Children's opinions are heard.
Teacher: That's right, our life cannot be imagined without a computer.
Today, in a health lesson, we will discuss in more detail the three lines of the table: damage to vision, curvature of posture and fear of live communication.
4. Acquaintance with exercises for vision.
Children are handed out the Memo "Gymnastics for the eyes."
a) Blink quickly, close your eyes and sit quietly, slowly counting to 5. (Repeat 4-5 times).
c) Look at the index finger of the outstretched hand, at the expense of 1-4, then look away at the expense of 1-6. (4–5 times)
d) At an average pace, do 3-4 circular movements with the eyes to the right side, the same amount to the left side. After relaxing the eye muscles, look into the distance at the expense of 1-6. (1-2 times)
e) Sitting at the table, relax and slowly move your eyes from left to right. Then right to left. Repeat 3 times on each side.
e) Slowly look up and down, then vice versa. (3 times)
5. Introduction to posture exercises.
Computer exercises
a) Raise your right hand and lock it behind your back, bend back. Change hands.
b) Clasp your hands in front of you and stretch forward. Then spread your arms to the sides, relax.
c) Raise your arms up, bend at the elbows and massage between the shoulder blades with your fingers.
d) Perform tilts to the right and left, putting your hands on your belt.
e) Lean your back against the back of the chair, clasp your hands from below (behind the back of the chair) and pull your shoulders back.
e) Head tilts forward - backward, right - left.
g) Slow rotation of the head to the right and left sides.
6. Workplace equipment.
Furniture should be appropriate for the height of the child.
The chair must have a solid back.
The child should sit at the monitor at a distance of at least 50 - 70 cm.
The table on which the monitor stands should be placed in a well-lit place, but so that there are no glare on the screen.
To humidify the air in the room, it is recommended to put an aquarium.
7. "Golden rules" when working at a computer.
So, we sat down to work at the computer. Modern monitors have become safer for health. But... even the most modern equipment will not help to avoid diseases if used incorrectly.
But there is an informal “Code of Golden Rules” that will help prevent diseases and get the most out of working at a computer.
You need to make a reservation right away that these rules will not help if you do not follow them in the system for all family members.
By following the simple tips of the instructions for proper landing at the computer, you can prevent the appearance and development of health disorders.
Rule one: before working at the computer, be sure to do a warm-up. The warm-up can be general, dance, for the eyes. It is not difficult to learn warm-ups, it is more difficult to control their independent application.
Rule two: when you work, sit relaxed.
Rule three: change your position more often, take a break from work. The time frame for working at the computer varies depending on the age of the child. In addition, from sitting at the computer for a long time, the so-called chest syndrome occurs.
Rule four: fingers should be light and relaxed. So that prolonged work on the computer does not lead to the appearance of the disease, it is enough to follow simple recommendations for organizing the workplace and work schedule, in particular, take short breaks during which to perform a set of exercises for the hands.
Rule five: take care of your eyesight when working at a computer. Visual impairment in children increases from 4% in the 1st grade to 25% at the exit from school. This phenomenon is called "computer vision syndrome". The workplace should be adequately lit. You need a good monitor, its correct settings and the use of high-quality programs. Special nutrition for the eyes. Gymnastics, warm-ups for the eyes.
Rule six: finished the lesson - do a warm-up.
8. Conclusions.
Teacher: The health lesson is coming to an end. Our "Debating Seesaw" will soon stop. What conclusions did you guys draw for yourself?
Children throw the ball to each other in a circle and say one short sentence each:
The computer is essential in modern life.
Care must be taken when handling it.
Be sure to take care of your eyesight.
You need to be "friends" with the computer, but don't forget about your friends.
Don't forget about posture exercises when working on the computer, etc.
Teacher: That's right, the computer makes our life easier, and not only by helping children study. It provides invaluable assistance in medicine, literature, art. Without it, modern life is hard to imagine. Therefore, it is necessary to learn how to live in harmony with him. Today we got acquainted with the simplest exercises that help maintain and strengthen health when working on a personal computer.
Self-analysis of educational activities
The topic of the educational event was chosen and proposed by the student-trainee and agreed with the class teacher during the period of practice from 11.02.2013. on 6.04.2013. in MOU secondary school No. 4, Rtishchevo. It was this topic that seemed to us the most suitable for students in grade 5, because it more fully shows the place of the computer in the life of a student. This topic is fully consistent with the interests and level of development of the class team, as well as the age and individual characteristics of students.
The objectives of the educational event are formulated clearly and concisely. They are fully consistent with the general concept, goals and objectives of the plan of educational work of the school and the plan of educational work of class teachers, in view of the fact that in this school and in this class.
2.1. The implementation of the educational goals of the event was successful. The educational value of the event is undeniable. During the event, such components of the personal culture of the individual as: personality development, culture of behavior, culture of communication, tact, culture of expressing thoughts and emotions, respect for work, collectivism are formed.
2.2. The implementation of the development goals of the event was successful. The development of thinking, attention, memory, perception of students was ensured, speech activity and the development of the creative forces and abilities of the individual were ensured.
2.3. The implementation of the educational goals of the event was successful. There was a systematization and generalization of knowledge already known to students. They received new knowledge about the dangers and benefits of using a computer in everyday life.
The choice of the content of the educational event was fully justified. I think that the degree of novelty of the material was at an acceptable level. And although there was not quite a lot of new material, its relevance and attractiveness for schoolchildren is undeniable. The student-trainee used additional methodological literature in preparation, and also used the Internet.
During the preparatory phase, the activities of the organizer were efficient and orderly. In preparation for the lesson, only a student-trainee was involved, who, however, managed to arouse students' interest in the preparatory period, understanding the significance of the upcoming work, and also form a positive attitude towards it.
The practical implementation of the lesson was successful. The timely (planned) start of all stages of this event was ensured. The time allotted for its implementation was used as rationally as possible.
The methodology is traditional. Collective work was combined with individual work (although there was relatively less individual work), the students showed activity and emotionality during this lesson, the guys worked very well together, the interaction between them was successful.
The effectiveness of this lesson is, in my opinion, at a high level. The set goals were achieved quite successfully. The relationship between students and trainee students that arose during the lesson can be considered trusting.
I think that the communicative and organizational literacy of the student manifested itself at a high level during this event. I managed to organize and set up active work and open communication of all students. The children actively answered the questions of the teacher, everyone wanted to make a personal opinion when answering the questions asked.
During the lesson, no significant shortcomings were identified.
Gaeva Daria. Gymnasium, Ramenskoye, Moscow region, Russia
Essay in English with translation. Nomination My world.
Pros and cons of computers
Computers were invented many years ago, but we began to use them recently. The technical progress is constantly developing. People always create new computer technologies. The computer has become a part of our daily life. Many people use computers at work, school, and at home, but we have not yet realized the advantages and disadvantages of the computer.
On the one hand, computers help us and make our life easier. We can solve many problems using them. We can buy clothes, food and even cars. This device has replaced typing machines, cinema, and record players. We can draw pictures with the help of various special programs,do difficult math operations, or design. Computers are used in every scientific sphere. They help to develop physics, chemistry, biology, mathematics, and other areas of science.
On the other hand, the latest thing today is the Virtual Reality. People live in this reality and forget about real life. They can speak to each other, fall in love, enjoy life only in social Networks. Moreover, small children play computer games too much. It's harmful to children's psychology. An international group of psychologists have suggested recently that anyone who surfs the Internet for long periods is clinically ill and needs a medical treatment. In addition, computer radiation is dangerous for human health.
To sum it up, people must understand that the computer is a useful device, but they should think how and for how many hours to use it. We should spend less time using the computer. We shouldn't forget about real life and other activities.
Computers were invented many years ago, but we only started using them very recently. Technological progress is constantly evolving. People create new computer technologies. The computer has become an integral part of our daily life. Many people use computers at work, at school and at home, but we have not yet realized all the advantages and disadvantages of a computer.
On the one hand, computers help us and make our lives easier. We can solve many problems using a computer. We can buy clothes, food and even a car. This device replaced the printing press, cinema and record player. We can draw pictures with special programs, perform precise mathematical operations, or design. Computers are used in every scientific field. They help develop physics, chemistry, biology, mathematics and other fields of science.
On the other hand, the latest innovation today is virtual reality. People live in this reality and forget about real life. They can talk to each other, fall in love, have fun only on social networks. In addition, young children play computer games too much. This is harmful to the child's psyche. An international group of psychologists recently proved that anyone who uses the Internet for a long time is clinically ill and needs medical attention. By the way, computer radiation is dangerous for human health.
To sum up, people should understand that a computer is a useful device, but it is necessary to think about how and how many hours to use it. We should spend less time using the computer. We must not forget about real life and other pastimes.
